He had intercourse with his wife without ejaculating during the day in Ramadaan, because he was unaware that this is haraam, and he did not have a bath afterwards

I got married nine years ago. During the first year of marriage I used to engage in foreplay with my wife during the day in Ramadaan and I used to have intercourse without ejaculating. I was unaware that that is haraam, because I thought that if I did not ejaculate, it did not break the fast. 
After the first year, I did not do that again. That was so that I could avoid doubtful things. 
Since I got married until now, I have repeated what I did during the first year of engaging in foreplay with my wife, but that was during the night in Ramadaan and during the night and day at other times of the year, when I had intercourse without ejaculating, and I did not do ghusl because I thought that if I did not ejaculate, I did not need to do ghusl. 
I hope that you will answer, noting that what happened was the result of ignorance on my part, and that you will tell me what my wife and I should do.

Praise be to Allaah.

This question includes two issues: 

1 – Intercourse on the part of one who is fasting

2 – Rulings on one who has intercourse but does not do ghusl 

Firstly: 

If a person who is fasting has intercourse with his wife during the day in Ramadaan, one of the following two scenarios must apply: 

The first scenario: he thinks that having intercourse without ejaculating is not haraam during the day in Ramadaan, so he has intercourse and he is ignorant or unaware of the ruling. 

The second scenario: he knows that having intercourse (during the day in Ramadaan) is haraam but he does not know what the punishment is. 

With regard to the first scenario, Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: 

The most correct view is the view of those who say that whoever does one of the things that break the fast or one of the things that are forbidden during ihraam or one of the things that invalidate the prayer and is unaware of it, then there is no sin on him, because Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): 

“Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error”

[al-Baqarah 2:286]

and Allaah has said: “I have done that.” 

So if this man who had intercourse with his wife during the day in Ramadaan was unaware of the ruling, and he thought that the kind of  intercourse that is haraam is the kind in which ejaculation occurs, then he does not have to do anything. 

But in the second scenario, if he knew that intercourse (during the day in Ramadaan) is haraam, but he did not know that there is expiation (kafaarah) for that, then he has to offer the expiation, because there is a difference between ignorance of the ruling and ignorance of the punishment. Ignorance of the punishment is no excuse, but ignorance of the ruling is an excuse. 

Hence the scholars said: If a person drinks an intoxicant thinking that it will not cause intoxication, or thinking that it is not haraam, then there is no sin on him. But if he knows that it will cause intoxication and that it is haraam, but he does not know that he is to be punished for that, then he should be punished and he is not excused from that. Based on this, we say to the questioner that so long as you did not know that intercourse without ejaculation was haraam, there is no sin on you or on your wife, if she was also ignorant of the ruling as you were. 

Secondly: 

The effect of this action on fasting and prayer. 

With regard to fasting, janaabah (being in a state of impurity following sexual activity) does not have any effect on it, because the fasting of a person who is in a state of janaabah is valid. But not doing ghusl in order to pray poses a problem, because prayer is not valid without doing ghusl because the person remains in a state of janaabah. Most of the scholars are of the view that this person must make up all the prayers for which he did not do ghusl, but is it known that this man will have had intercourse and ejaculated, and then done ghusl. 

But he may not know how often he did that. So we say to him that he should try to work it out and do his best to make up the prayers, to be on the safe side. But if you did not know anything about this and it did not cross your mind that simply having intercourse without ejaculating would mean that ghusl was essential, then we hope that you do not have to do anything, i.e., that you do not have to make up the prayers. But you do have to repent and seek forgiveness for your negligence in not asking about the matter. 

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, al-Liqa’ al-Shahri 

See also the answer to question no. 9446online

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